[48] The IRA retaliated on 5 August 1991, when they shot and killed a former UDR soldier while living his workplace along Altmore Road, also in Cappagh. 22 February 1997: an IRA mortar unit was intercepted by the RUC in. According to the indictment, another IRA member slipped into the United States from Canada with a munitions shopping list that included night vision glasses for a Ruger mini-14, 2000 nonelec . Another four IRA members were killed in an ambush in February 1992. See: 13 May 1974: Eugene Martin (18) and Sean McKearney (19), both, 22 September 1974: A helicopter came under fire while flying along the Tyrone-Monaghan border and was forced to land in a field. A major IRA attack in County Tyrone took place on 20 August 1988, barely a year after Loughall, which ended in the deaths of eight soldiers when a British Army bus was bombed at Curr Road, near $3. [73], The brigade was the first to use the Mark-15 Barrack-Buster mortar in an attack on 5 December 1992 against the RUC station in Ballygawley. The genie is out of the bottle, so you are not going to put it back in again, and at this point in time we are in the uneasy calm before the potential storm. [120] The IRA said that the workers were legitimate targets because they were "collaborating" with the "forces of occupation". [119] Two of the wounded were also off-duty UDR soldiers. This was denied by the dead man's family. Nobody cares.. [43] One witness has said that some of the men were wounded and tried to surrender but were then killed by the British soldiers. [49], On 3 June 1991, three IRA men, Lawrence McNally, Michael "Pete" Ryan, and Tony Doris, died in another SAS ambush at Coagh, where their car was riddled with gunfire. [33] In October 1990, two IRA volunteers from the brigade, Dessie Grew and Martin McCaughey, were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers while allegedly collecting two rifles from an IRA arms dump. [16] Additionally, most of the attacks which took place in County Fermanagh during this period of the Troubles were also launched from south Tyrone and Monaghan. [130] The latter attack led to loyalist allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh[131] in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region, to the point that they drew an analogy with contemporaneous ethnic cleansing in the Balkans. [34], On 4 March 1990, ten IRA volunteers launched an assault on the RUC station at Stewartstown using an improvised flamethrower consisting of a manure-spreader towed by a tractor to spray 600 imperial gallons (2,700L) of a petrol/diesel mix to set the base ablaze, and then opened up with rifles and an RPG-7 rocket launcher. Next to the living-room window, with its panoramic views of the farmland and gorse-filled hedgerows of this part of the Border, is an imposing portrait that shows the tradition of agrarian agitation McGeough hails from. [77], The commander in chief of the brigade,[78] Kevin MacKenna, was also appointed 'chief of staff' of the IRA in 1983. On 17 January 1992, an IRA roadside bomb destroyed a van carrying 14 workers who had been re-building Lisanelly British Army base in Omagh. British military sources reported that other IRA volunteers from East Tyrone were involved in the assault. The IRA claimed the man was a UVF commander, responsible for the killings of Catholic civilians. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. But as a community willing to return to armed conflict, there just isnt an appetite for that., Lynagh adds, There is a vested interest in hyping up the political impact and the scare tactics that it is going to open a hornets nest of dissident activity against British rule. 16 August 1973: two IRA volunteers, Daniel McAnallen (aged 27) and Patrick Quinn (aged 18), were killed when a mortar prematurely exploded during an attack on Pomeroy British Army/RUC base. McGeough points to the "huge statement" last week by David Davis, the UK's Brexit secretary formally, secretary of state for exiting the European Union who said that Northern Ireland would not have to reapply for EU membership as a new state if it voted for reunification with the Republic. Two more McKearney brothers died in the Troubles. The former IRA volunteer served 18 years in the Maze prison for the murder of a UVF man in Belfast in February 1976. According to the brigade report, the van, fitted with a Mark-15 mortar, was left besides a military sangar. [23], A major IRA attack in County Tyrone took place on 20 August 1988, barely a year after Loughall, which ended in the deaths of eight soldiers when a British Army bus was destroyed by a bomb at Curr Road, near Ballygawley. 2 February 1996: The house of a part-time member of the RUC was riddled with gunfire in Moy. 10 February 1997: a horizontal mortar fired by an IRA unit hit an RUC armoured vehicle leaving a security base. Talk of a united Ireland is all guff, according to another. According to them, a second 264 pounds (120kg) device was defused in the follow-up operation. [41] Over 50 shots were fired by the unit. Anthony McIntyre, an IRA man turned writer and historian who is another supporter of the peace process but critic of Sinn Fin, fails to see how a hard Brexit would fuel any new armed campaign, given that it was not the Border that brought the Provisional IRA into existence but the response in Belfast and Derry to the British armys behaviour when it came to the North. UTV News Report: In Pomeroy an IRA horizontal mortar hit an RUC car but failed to explode. [93], Other operations against security facilities in this period included a sniper and small arms attack on the British Army base of Killymeal, Dungannon, on 22 May 1993; the brigade claimed a subsequent exchange of fire between IRA volunteers in supporting role and British soldiers crewing an observation post. He does not see republican militarism rising up again over a post-Brexit hardening of the Border or a customs presence on country Border roads, although he does believe that it would hit an atavistic nerve among people who have grown accustomed to freedom of movement across the Border. [61], At least five members of the security forces were killed by the IRA in around this area during the same period. This page was last edited on 2 February 2023, at 19:23. The unit dispersed after setting on the mortar's timer. [28] On 16 September 1989, a British sergeant of the Royal Corps of Signals (Kevin Froggett) was shot and killed by an IRA sniper while he was repairing a radio mast at Coalisland Army/RUC base. It is going to be very embarrassing for a lot of Irish political parties that almost pretended that partition was going. The bombing was at Teebane Crossroads, near Cookstown. The ambush that left Tyrone Volunteers Kevin Barry O'Donnell, Patrick Vincent, Sen O'Farrell and Peter . Ed Moloney, Irish journalist and author of the Secret History of the IRA, states that the Provisional IRA East Tyrone Brigade lost 53 members killed in the Troubles - the highest of any Brigade area. Two IRA men got away from the scene, but the four named above were killed. A soldier was seriously wounded. 26 January 1987: a senior UDR officer was killed outside his home on Coalisland Road, Dungannon. On 1 January 1991, a British Army outpost was fired on by an IRA unit at Aughnacloy. 5 July 1997: An IRA volunteer shot and seriously wounded an RUC female officer in the town of Coalisland during an attack on an armoured vehicle beside the Army/RUC base. . One RUC officer was injured. Even a few customs posts stopping HGVs crossing the Border would not change that, McKearney says. ], In 2012 a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club in Tyrone distanced itself from a republican commemoration of those killed in the ambush. Eight were killed and the rest were badly wounded. A 'senior security source' claimed that the IRA was responsible. [20][21] This attack forced the British military to ferry their troops to and from East Tyrone by helicopter. [49] Another former UDR soldier was killed when an IRA bomb exploded underneath his car in Kildress, County Tyrone in April 1993; it was claimed that he had loyalist connections. All eight members of the East Tyrone Brigade team were killed. Almost immediately another part-time soldier chanced upon the scene and opened fire on the fleeing gunmen who managed to escape by forcing a passing car to stop and raced off. The next day the IRA threatened any contractor who took on repair of the station. Major Shaw died at the scene. The loyalist gang operating in east Tyrone at the time used several weapons between 1988 to 1994, including R18837. The SAS shot dead eight IRA members and a civilian who had accidentally driven into the ambush. [15][16] It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. But the reality is that it is going to be more and more obvious. I dont see that., It is going to be very embarrassing for a lot of Irish political parties that almost pretended that partition was going. [6] Journalist Kevin Toolis states that from 1985 onwards, the brigade led a five-year campaign that left 33 security facilities destroyed and nearly 100 seriously damaged. Lynagh's strategy was to start off with one area which the British military did not control, preferably a republican stronghold such as east Tyrone. Another street fracas on 17 May between a King's Own Scottish Borderers platoon and a group of nationalist youths in Coalisland resulted in the theft of an army machine gun and a new confrontation with the paratroopers. [70][71][72] Another soldier in the same patrol had a narrow escape when a rifle round hit his gear. These are among the surprising views expressed by a number of former hard men of republicanism, interviewed by The Irish Times for their unique insights into the thorny issues of Brexit and Northern Irelands future. GAA Central Council officialreply was that The GAA has strict protocols and rules in place regarding the use of property for Political purposes. The Association is committed to a shared future based on tolerance for the different identities and cultural backgrounds of people who share this Community and this island. [15], The SAS ambush had no noticeable long-term effect on the level of IRA activity in East Tyrone. [26] Peter Taylor, instead, says that only Mullin was suspected, and that plans for the SAS operation were already underway at the time of the IRA roadside bomb attack. [24][25] This attack forced the British military to ferry their troops to and from East Tyrone by helicopter. [38] Hamilton stated that there were no security or civilian casualties. No casualties were reported. Certainly, I think we can rule out the idea of a hard Border with British troops on the Border. Photographs: Simon Carswell. [79] An RUC report confirms that a bomb exploded close to a combined RUC-British Army patrol in the area. CAIN lists Boyd as a Protestant civilian. This in response to a complaint from DUP AssemblymanWilliam McCreaaccusing the GAA of turning a blind eye to "republican terrorist" events in the last years. [34] On 3 June, three IRA men, Lawrence McNally, Michael Ryan and Tony Doris, died in another SAS ambush at Coagh, where their car was riddled with gunfire. The New IRA claimed responsibility for a potentially lethal bomb discovered under the car of a police officer at a golf club in east Belfast in June 2019. [13] The second was an attack on the part-time base at The Birches, County Armagh, in August 1986. [Its] not about what are their economic interests. The unit, moving on two vehicles from the townland of Turnabarson, managed to snake into a heavy patrolled area to the firing point on Station Road and launched the shell by timer from a range of 70 yards (64m). Dates highlighted in bold indicate three or more fatalities. At least two British soldiers were severely wounded in action near Cappagh[66] and Pomeroy[70] in 1992. 25 Feb/23. The bombing was at Teebane Crossroads near Cookstown. [22] The checkpoint was stormed using an improvised armoured truck and two British soldiers (James Houston and Michael Patterson) were killed in action. [19] 2 May 1974: Up to 40 members from the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade attacked the isolated 6 UDR Deanery base in Clogher, County Tyrone with machine gun and RPG fire resulting in the death of Private Eva Martin, a UDR Greenfinch, the first female UDR soldier to be killed by enemy action. He was sentenced to 20 years in 2011 but was released after two years, under the Belfast Agreement. There were four members of the Provisionals from East Tyrone searching my house, and they . Ed Moloney is an Irish journalist who frequently covered the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Policewoman shot as nationalist anger at Drumcree parade spreads across Northern Ireland", "British soldier shot dead Massive Strabane landmine", "South Armagh Brigade claims sniper attack", Cousin of bomb suspect was top Provo; But gun victim denies being a terrorist, "Militants Angry About Police's Defense Of Protestant March". [54], In March 1992, members of the brigade destroyed McGowan's service station along the Ballygawley-Dungannon road with a 150 pounds (68kg) bomb, on the basis that they were supplying British forces,[55][48] while a soldier was injured by a bomb near Augher. Maybe a lot of huff and puff but nothing is going to get blown down.. [105], On 15 July 1994, an armed dump truck ambushed an RUC armoured mobile patrol at Killeshil, near Dungannon. [80], From mid-1992 up to the 1994 cease fire, IRA units in east and south Tyrone carried out a dozen bomb and mortar attacks against RUC and military bases and assets. . They see that threat as little more than a scare tactic to force the future of the 499km Border to the centre of the two-year Brexit negotiations. 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[55][56][57], Six paratroopers were charged with criminal damage in the aftermath, but they were acquitted in 1993. He was arrested in 1988 for crossing the Dutch-German border with AK-47 rifles in the boot of his car and charged with attacks on British soldiers based in Germany. A Secret History of the IRA is written by Ed Moloney and published by Penguin Books. [81] The facilities targeted by "Barrack Buster" mortars included the above-mentioned Ballygawley barracks, a British Army border outpost at Aughnacloy,[82] the RUC barracks at Clogher[83] and Beragh,[82] both resulting in massive damage but no fatalities; two attacks on the RUC base in Caledon, which was also hit by gunfire in the second attack,[83][84] and the RUC compounds at Dungannon,[85] Fintona,[83] Carrickmore,[83] and Pomeroy. [125][126] The IRA retaliated on 5 August 1991 by shooting and killing a former UDR soldier leaving his workplace along Altmore Road, Cappagh. In December 1973 he is badly injured in a premature bomb . [59], The brigade was the first to use the Mark-15 Barrack-Buster mortar in an attack on 5 December 1992 against an RUC station in Ballygawley. O'Donnell had been released without charges for possession of weapons on two different occasions in the past. [114], Three active members of the security forces were killed by the East Tyrone Brigade during this period. When the IRA responded by killing a retired UDR member, Leslie Dallas,[122] and two elderly Protestants, Austin Nelson and Ernest Rankin at Coagh, on 7 March 1989, the UVF shot dead three IRA members and a Catholic civilian in a pub in Cappagh on 3 March 1991. [99][100], On 9 April 1994, after a three-day IRA ceasefire, a Mark-15 mortar was launched at midday at the British Army permanent checkpoint in Aughnacloy. The bomb detonated, destroying much of the base and damaging nearby buildings. The ambush took place outside the village of Pomeroy. [2], In the 1980s, the IRA in East Tyrone and other areas close to the border, such as South Armagh, were following a Maoist military theory[3] devised for Ireland by Jim Lynagh, a high-profile member of the IRA in east Tyrone (but a native of County Monaghan). As the men were all Protestants, many Protestants saw it as a sectarian attack. Thus it was from there that the IRA East Tyrone Brigade attacks were launched, with most of them occurring in east Tyrone in areas close to south Armagh, which offered good escape routes. [83] The IRA asserts instead that the barracks were "extensively damaged". Euroscepticism had a long history in the area, he says, before Ireland went into the EU. [110] The RUC claim that the machine gun stolen in Coalisland and other arms were recovered from a farmhouse near Cappagh on 29 May 1992. He is now president of the Ancient Order of Hibernians in Co Tyrone. Orangeism and Britishness in Northern Ireland. [26], On 11 February 1990 the brigade managed to shoot down a British Army Gazelle helicopter near Clogher by machine gun fire and wounding three soldiers, one of them seriously. One British soldier was wounded. 26 March 1997: A grenade was thrown by IRA volunteers to the Army/RUC base at Coalisland. Taken: April 5th, 2017. Former IRA gunrunner John Crawley says he used to meet Martin McGuinness in the 1980s in the Botanic Gardens in Dublin to discuss operations. [9] The theory involved creating "no-go zones" that the British Army and Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) did not control and gradually expanding them. Tommy's older brother Sean was killed in May 1974 when a bomb he was planting at a petrol station outside Dungannon exploded prematurely. Early in the morning as he prepared to drive to work, two masked IRA gunmen who had been hiding behind trees walked over and shot him three times in the head, mortally wounding him. They were active in some of the bloodiest campaigns of the Troubles, and for three of them much of that activity took place along the Border. After the shooting they drove past the house of Tony Doris, the IRA man killed the previous year, where they fired more shots in the air and were heard to shout, "Up the 'RA, that's for Tony Doris". The IRA unit used the same tactics as it had done in the The Birches attack. He considers threats of a return of the British army to Border towns like Aughnacloy as a cheap shot and the recent pantomime of mock Border checkpoints and anti-Brexit protesters dressing up in customs-officer uniforms as the hysterical interpretation of what may happen. [64], Another IRA bomb attack on 12 May 1992, against British troops on patrol near Cappagh, in which a paratrooper lost both legs, triggered a series of clashes on that date between soldiers and local residents in the staunchly republican town of Coalisland, on 12 and 17 May 1992. An Phoblacht claimed the IRA men thwarted an ambush and at least two SAS members were killed. What have they achieved? It is believed to have drawn its membership from across the eastern side of County Tyrone as well as north County Monaghan and south County Londonderry. [38] The IRA said that the men were legitimate targets because they were "collaborating" with the "forces of occupation". As for the warnings made by diplomats, bureaucrats and Eurocrats about the threats to the peace process from Brexit, McIntyre says it is similar to Sinn Fins use of the peace process to expand its political influence, where the process must always undermine the peace. 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