In response to the COVID-19 public health emergency, CMS temporarily waived the training requirement as a means of addressing potential staffing shortages during the pandemic. In some states, the minimum requirement is half the recommended level. CMS should immediately implement requirements for 24/7 registered nurse staffing and a full-time social worker in all nursing homes. The only resolution to the workforce crisis, which is not going to be resolved today, tomorrow, in a month, or six months for that matter, is a partnership between the administration, the legislature, providers and labor working together to put in real initiatives that will help recruit and retain workers, Hanse told Skilled Nursing News. Ward will find that while she's attending to one resident, another is incontinent. The vast majority of those comments voiced concerns related to residents not receiving adequate care due to chronic understaffing in facilities. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has launched a multi-faceted approach aimed at determining the minimum level and type of staffing needed to enable safe and quality care in nursing homes. Eric Lee for NPR In an effort to improve these factors, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is proposing new nursing home minimum staffing requirements at a federal level. The bill was voted down two days later in the House Health and Family Services Committee. Additionally, a series of Institute of Medicine reports have recommended that nursing home staff include registered nurses 24 hours a day. 2 Department of Nursing & Patient Care Services, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA. Create customized staffing solutions that fit your unique needs, which we know can change at any time. As of November 29, 2022, the regulations were approved by the Independent Regulatory Review Commission (IRRC) and the Office of Attorney General. "1ARPeBJU& lL" L@7, H XY~ B Nursing homes were selected in 15 states: CA, CO, FL, IL, MA, MD, MO, NC, NY, OH, PA, TX, VA, WA, and WY. Additionally, Missouri now allows third parties to administer the certification test for nursing assistants, which is expected to expedite the process by six to eight weeks. This RFI was a first step to facilitate a holistic approach to advancing future changes in these areas. [1] A September 2021 survey by the American Health Care Association and the National Center for Assisted Living showed that 86% of nursing homes and 77% of assisted living providers said their workforce situation has gotten worse over the three months preceding the survey. New Jersey retained its total hprd but now divides the daily minimum to set specific hprd requirements during each of the three shifts in a day. Read on to learn more about the new nursing home minimum staffing requirements and the effect they could have on facilities. 1570 Grant Street. Turnover at her facility, home to about 100 residents, is nearly triple what it was before the pandemic. Examine trends, challenges and opportunities facing clinical leaders in skilled nursing. 0000030078 00000 n 2435 0 obj <> endobj xref Webduring the 2021 session in section 10 of Public Act 21-185 regarding minimum staffing level requirements for nursing homes. They're physically exhausted, and even committed people in this industry will turn around and say, 'I don't know how much longer I can do this,'" says Sandri. There is substantial variation in state minimum staffing requirements (Figure 1). The Kentucky bill was unpopular among nursing home industry representatives, which characterized it as overregulation and alleged that it would encourage excessive litigation. A June 2021 Senior Housing News article reported that 81% of assisted living providers suffer from staffing shortages. While you await upcoming CMS guidance on minimum staffing requirements, you can always look to current nursing home staffing requirements by This staffing study seeks to help identify a minimum staffing level, which would include RN, LPNs/LVNs, and CNAs, that will establish a threshold below which residents would be at substantially increased risk of not receiving the safe and quality care they deserve. 0000009312 00000 n By using NurseDash to hire your short-term nurses, you not only wont be paying overtime to your employees, but youll also benefit from fewer fees than standard staffing agencies. Filling the need for trusted information on national health issues, the Kaiser Family Foundation is a nonprofit organization based in San Francisco, California. levels. WebStaffing rates by state Overall, nursing facility staffing rates vary widely across states (Figure 1). 0000035796 00000 n May provide direct care and be counted in direct care ratios. 1 RN Day & Evening; 1 RN/LPN Night. 1 DON RN full-time. Current Federal Staffing Requirements: Sufficient Numbers of all nursing staff to meet residents needs. Oregon also authorized facilities to utilize personal care assistants, nursing assistants, physical therapists, and occupational therapists to meet no more than 25 percent of the certified nursing assistant minimum staffing requirement during this time. While Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement rates to nursing homes can indirectly influence worker wages, states also can adopt policies to require or incentivize providers to raise wages paid to direct care workers. The reforms include minimum staffing requirements and other changes for which resident advocates have long fought. Also, Kentucky adopted changes that allow for personal care attendants that finished training during the state-declared public health emergency to become state registered nurse aides. Two years into the pandemic, he says it's time for them to take care of themselves. The public comment period closed on June 10, 2022, and CMS received over 3,000. comments from a variety of interested parties including advocacy groups; long-term care ombudsmen; industry associations (providers); labor unions and organizations; nursing home staff and administrators; industry experts and other researchers; family members, and caretakers of nursing home residents. 0000035309 00000 n At least two states adopted temporary decreases to minimum staffing requirements post-COVID to account for potential staffing issues during the pandemic (Appendix Table 1). This article briefly outlines a sample of such minimum staffing regulations, as specifically applied to nurses, and also offers some potential cost-effective ideas for maintaining a minimum level of required nursing staff. Get the latest information, guidance, clarification, instructions, and recent COVID-related policies, Find the latest resources and guidance for people in nursing home and their caregivers, See more on the Providers & CMS Partners page, See more on the Patients & Caregivers page. 98 (D. Nev) (Mar. And not one that runs smoothly. [11]. WebThe monthly median cost of assisted living in Virginia is $4,451, which is higher than the national average of $4,000. Once the state-declared public health emergency ends, these nurse aides are not required to complete additional training. Illinois specified that nursing homes must increase direct care staff wages by $1.00 per hour as of July 2020, and an additional 50 cents per hour as of January 2021. is an on-demand healthcare marketplace that connects nurses with nursing homes and other healthcare facilities. Arkansas also adopted a broader definition of the direct care staff whose hours count toward its new minimum staffing requirement, while Rhode Island no longer allows director of nursing hours to count toward its new minimum staffing requirement. 0000013059 00000 n The American Health Care Association, which represents 14,000 long-term care facilities, has called into question the administration's authority to enact such a rule without involving Congress. Sandri struggles to get certified nursing assistants, who typically start at $15.20 an hour, in the door. The Biden Administration recently announced plans to propose new federal minimum staffing adequacy regulations in the next year. An official website of the United States government. Burnout and competition are major factors. In addition, the current nursing shortage could also make it difficult for facilities to find and retain high-quality nursing staff, which would reduce the number of residents that facility could support. Hanse told SNN that many facilities have limited or stopped admissions as a result of the staffing crisis, which has noticeably backed up hospital discharges. Add 1 Assistant DON RN full-time, 1 RN/LPN each shift, 1.0 RN/LPN hprd (24 hour average). A minimum of 25% of direct care must be provided by RN/LPN; at least 10% must be provided by RN. Insufficient nursing home staffing levels are associated with negative outcomes for residents including increased rates of hospitalization, dehydration, weight loss, and pressure ulcers. In April 2022, the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine recommended minimum staffing levels, policies to ensure competitive wages and benefits, and improvements to staff training and opportunities for career advancement, among other reforms, as part of its comprehensive report to improve nursing home quality. In January 2022, CMS began posting data on the level of weekend resident nurses, total nurse staffing, and staff turnover for all nursing homes on the Care Compare website. Kathy Hochul lifted a three-month pause on Friday. [1] Tim Regan, 81% of Assisted Living Providers Report Recent Staff Shortages, Senior Housing News (June 23, 2021), available at https://seniorhousingnews.com/2021/06/23/81-of-assisted-living-providers-report-recent-staff-shortages/. 0000007128 00000 n It provides that the minimum hours will rise from 2.86 to 3.2 to 3.8, and ultimately to 4.1 hours of daily nursing care per occupied bed when the facility's daily rV3f2cP!aOI4XX\f3 "c:C]'5x ?(0}CP uzHq8A,7wvVSg`wg 2L@zK2(I~@Za,3X6}z` 7s endstream endobj 2476 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[154 2281]/Length 67/Size 2435/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream Importantly, this study is on an accelerated timeline and seeks to build on, not replace, previous studies. Skilled Nursing News is part of the Aging Media Network. Some commenters also stated that the following factors should be considered: Medicaid census, facility size, ownership status (profit or non-profit), amount of skilled nursing facility competition in the area, and, community poverty and Medicare census rates. 0000002362 00000 n WebA skilled nursing facility is a special facility or part of a hospital that provides medically necessary professional services from nurses, physical and occupational therapists, speech pathologists and audiologists. This is an important body of work that will ensure nursing home residents are receiving the safe and quality care that they deserve. Advocacy groups also had staffing shortage concerns, but observed that, in their view, staffing has always been a challenge and emphasized that while additional efforts are needed to bolster the workforce, it should not deter CMS from setting minimum staffing levels in nursing homes. Launched in August 2022 and expected to continue through the winter, the staffing study is comprised of four main parts: literature review, site visits, quantitative analyses, and cost analyses all further described below. as it crafts future minimum staffing requirements that advance the publics interest of safe, quality care for residents. Additionally, some commenters noted that evidence shows that most facilities have adequate resources to increase their staffing levels without additional Medicaid resources. Unless the government increases the amount it pays for nursing home care, Sandri says, "we just don't have it in our piggy bank. [11] HHS Announces Record Health Care Workforce Awards in Rural and Underserved Communities, U.S. Health and Human Srvcs. Nursing home staff shortages and high turnover rates among staff are largely attributed to low wages. Its president, Mark Parkinson, has also argued that such a requirement is "unrealistic" and "not possible" because nursing homes can't find workers. The bad days are more likely to be those when the facility is short-staffed. "What has been so ambiguous and subjective is how 'sufficient' is interpreted.". More recently, CMS uses the public Nursing Home Five Star Quality Rating System to identify facilities with staffing challenges, such as low weekend staffing or excess variation in daily staffing levels. Nursing home administrators also opposed the bill due to an increasing statewide staffing shortage, which was exacerbated by the pandemic. At least five states adopted permanent increases to nursing home minimum staffing requirements after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, while at least one state adopted a permanent decrease (Figure 2 and Appendix Table 1). Before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government site. 1 DON RN full-time (1 per facility); 1 RN Charge Nurse 24hrs/7d/wk. Access a large database of nursing staff, making it easy to find the perfect match for your needs. 0000020352 00000 n Specifically, Florida retained its total hprd but increased the number of licensed practical nurse hours and decreased the number of certified nursing assistant hours that count toward the overall total. For that reason, CMS believes it essential to patient safety that it conduct the new rulemaking to establish more specific, detailed, and quantitative minimum staffing requirements. That resident may end up waiting in soiled bedclothes for a while. Compared to the federal minimum of 0.30 hprd, three states have standards below this level, three states adopt the federal minimum, and 45 states have standards above the federal minimum. What did CMS learn from the Request for Information? 0000009595 00000 n "We think it's really important to set a very specific standard that can be measured against, to really make sure staff is adequate to ensure quality," says Chiquita Brooks-LaSure, administrator for the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), the federal agency that regulates and funds most nursing homes in the U.S. "In D.C., you can work for Amazon at $19 an hour. Responses are due on June 10, 2022. Federal law currently requires Medicare and Medicaid-certified nursing homes to provide 24-hour licensed nursing services, which are sufficient to meet 7500 Security Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21244. %PDF-1.7 % Welcome to the Nursing Home Resource Center! In Published: May 16, 2022. Mitigating factors can be considered by the [d]epartment when assessing penalties for non-compliance at a later date., 1199SEIU United Healthcare Workers East, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, CliftonLarsonAllen, CMS, New York State Health Facilities Association. Support Team is Available 24/7 Weve heard directly from hospitals their frustration about not being able to discharge people who are not ready to return to the community, he said. A federal government website managed and paid for by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. We received many comments on the RFI from members of the public identifying themselves as family members or caretakers of residents living in nursing homes. This effort includes issuing a Request for Information (which occurred earlier this year as a part of the Fiscal Year 2023 Skilled Nursing Facility Prospective Payment System Proposed Rule[3]) and conducting a new study. Skilled Nursing News [12] Going forward, providers would be well-served to keep in mind these and any other regulatory staffing requirements. To inform future staffing requirements, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) should fund research on the minimum and optimum staffing levels for nurses, therapists, recreational [7] CMS has historically posted facility staffing metrics on Nursing Home Care (now known as Care Compare), such as the average number of hours worked for nursing staff per resident per day. [12] See, e.g., Criminal Indictment, U.S. v. Ryan Hee; and VDA OC, LLC, No. WebNew Appraisal Review Requirements and Instructions Regarding Department of Veterans Affairs Appraisal Management Service for the Lender Appraisal Processing Program and ", To meet Washington, D.C.'s staffing requirements, she has been working her staff "to the bones.". 1 RN 8 consecutive hrs/7d/wk & 1 RN/LPN for 2 remaining shifts. Federal law authorizes the Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary to establish requirements relating to nursing home residents health, safety and well-being as conditions for facilities to receive payment from the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Interviews with nursing home leadership, direct care staff (including RNs, LPNs/LVNs, and CNAs), and residents and their family members will be conducted to better understand the relationship between staffing levels, staffing mix (what types of staff are present), and resident outcomes and experiences (i.e., clinical outcomes, safety, health disparities) using rich contextual information collected during the interviews. New York State Health Facilities Association. hide caption. [4] H.R. 0000031136 00000 n Detailed state-level information is included in the Appendix Tables. Are there federal nursing home staffing standards currently in place? The agency initially published a Request for Information (RFI) soliciting public comments on minimum staffing requirements in April 2022, within the Fiscal Year 2023 Skilled Nursing Facility Prospective Payment System Proposed Rule. We also examine state legislative and regulatory actions since the onset of the pandemic that directly affect worker wages (other than increases to provider reimbursement rates), and training requirements. Additionally, observational data will be collected onsite using trained clinicians who will observe and record time spent on care provision, including taking care to differentiate time spent on care provision from time spent on administrative nursing. Advocacy groups also had staffing shortage concerns, but observed that, in their view, staffing has always been a challenge and emphasized that while additional efforts are needed to bolster the workforce, it should not deter CMS from setting minimum staffing levels in nursing homes. The Department recently made major changes to the state nursing home regulations. At least three states adopted permanent changes to staff training requirements to expand the pool of staff available to work in nursing homes post-COVID (Figure 2 and Appendix Table 3). Author(s) The Biden administration is planning to establish a federal minimum staffing requirement for nursing homes as part of a broader push to improve care for seniors and people with disabilities. What will the staffing study look like? Nursing Home Staffing Study Stakeholder Listening Session-August 29, 2022. MECHANICSBURG, Pa. (March 1, 2023) LeadingAge PA, an association representing more than 370 aging services providers, including many who operate 2.5 hprd for intermediate care, 3.8 hprd for skilled nursing care. While the staffing requirements may be changing, here are the current staffing guidelines, according to the State Nursing Home Staffing Standards Summary Report for the markets supported by NurseDash. A December 2021 study reviewed state nursing home staffing standards and concluded that staffing standards in almost every state remain severely low. The Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission (MACPAC) recently reviewed state policies that can help address staffing issues, including increasing Medicaid payment rates, changing Medicaid payment methods to incentivize facilities to devote more revenue to staff, and requiring minimum staffing levels above the federal standard. Training: At least 3 states (KY, MO, WI) adopted permanent changes to staff training requirements post-COVID to expand the pool of staff available to work in nursing homes, while at least 8 states (AK, CT, DE, IA, IN, KS, MO, WI) adopted temporary changes in this area. 1 DON RN full-time or minimum 36 hrs/wk (at least 18 hrs between 7am and 7pm). In eight states, at least half of nursing facilities reported one or more staff shortage as of March 20, 2022. At least two states (OR, SC) adopted temporary decreases to account for potential staffing issues during the pandemic. The April 2022 National Academies report recommends direct-care registered nurse coverage 24 hours a day, with additional registered nurse coverage that Listed on 2023-03-01. Published February 15, 2022 at 8:25 AM EST iStock / The Florida Channel In addition to the 2.5-hour standard, current law also requires that certified nursing assistants and licensed nurses provide a weekly average of 3.6 hours of direct care per patient per day. On good days, the staff at his nursing home in Takoma Park, Md., can meet all of his basic needs: feeding him, cleaning him, changing his hospital gown, and ensuring that his laptop, which he uses through dictation, is charged and within reach. That is the main factor they stress at the job, yet you don't give us the staff to provide that," Ward says. 1 Assistant DON RN/LPN full-time. 0000007275 00000 n DON may be Charge Nurse; 1 RN 8 consecutive hrs/7d/wk; 1 RN/LPN Charge Nurse; 24 hrs/7d/wk; 0.4 hprd RN/LPN or 1:20 RN/LPN every 24 hrs (Exclude administrative time of licensed staff and DON in a multi-level facility). Interviews with nursing home leadership, direct care staff (including RNs, LPNs/LVNs, and CNAs), and residents and their family members will be conducted to better understand the relationship between staffing levels, staffing mix (what types of staff are present), and resident outcomes and experiences (i.e., clinical outcomes, safety, health disparities) using rich contextual information collected during the interviews. 2.5 hprd minimum (included RN/LN with administrative or supervisory duties). She's opposed to a federal minimum staffing requirement, noting that the government already has the ability to cite nursing homes for insufficient staffing. While we reviewed legislation and regulations in all 50 states and DC, this brief may not capture all relevant policy changes. As a result, nursing homes have been able to determine what sufficient nursing staff means on their own, which has led to wide variations in nursing home staffing across the countryand as a result, wide variations in the level of care and safety of residents. The agency initially published a Request for Information (RFI) soliciting public comments on minimum staffing requirements in April 2022, within the Fiscal Year 2023 Skilled Nursing Facility Prospective Payment System Proposed Rule. 0000013130 00000 n 5 states with the highest-rated nursing homes. Nationwide, nursing homes are down more than 240,000 employees since the start of the pandemic, according to the Labor Department. LEARN MORE, SPONSORED BY: Facilities can post open shifts that result from job vacancies, sickness, vacations, or even an increase in minimum staffing requirements and nurses can choose the shifts that work best for them, in their desired location. 2.70 hprd; 1:20 ratio of nursing staff to residents; 2 staff on duty at all times, Texas (Austin, Dallas, Houston, San Antonio). One of these states, Colorado, passed legislation that established a $15.00 per hour minimum wage for nursing home direct care staff as of January 2022. Alaskas temporary reduction applies during any state-declared public health emergency, not just during the COVID public health emergency. While federal requirements state that facilities must maintain sufficient nursing staff to meet residents needs, specific guidelines are not set and state regulations vary drastically. In a statement provided to Skilled Nursing News, the state Department of Health said, at this time, nursing homes should appropriately document their efforts to comply with the law. The law requires the states more than 600 nursing homes to provide 3.5 hours of care per resident per day. 0000004511 00000 n For example, the U.S. Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission have recently increased enforcement against staffing agencies that price-fix nursing wages, as well as against nursing personnel agencies who engage in price gouging or unfair competition. For nursing homes selected to participate in the site visit aspect of the study, CMS encourages active participation to ensure your perspectives are captured. Nursing aides (also called nursing assistants) provide the majority of direct care in nursing homes. The study team is currently reviewing existing literature to summarize the evidence of the relationship between minimum staffing in nursing homes and the safety and quality of care, as well as clarify the relative strengths and weaknesses of the available literature. Of course, once CMS issues its proposal for minimum staffing requirements in Spring 2023, that proposal will go through the notice-and-comment rulemaking processproviding further opportunities for all interested parties to weigh in. [10] See, e.g., CY 2022 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule, available at https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare-Fee-for-Service-Payment/PhysicianFeeSched. 1 DON RN full-time (8 hours, between 6am6pm). Denver, CO 80203. In a 2001 report, CMS found that in order to avoid bad outcomes, nursing home residents should each receive at least 4.1 hours of direct nursing care per day. He hears about it from the staff, who apologize for the long waits and ask for patience. 3 Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 0000035697 00000 n Other states may have adopted or proposed Medicaid provider reimbursement rate changes that do not explicitly require corresponding increases in direct care staff wages. This effort includes issuing a Request for Information (which occurred earlier this year as a part of the Fiscal Year 2023 Skilled Nursing Facility Prospective Payment System Proposed Rule. They're burned out. The measures will take effect January 1, 2022. Maurice Miller lies in bed in his room at a nursing home in Takoma Park, Md., on Thursday. Some commenters suggested that CMS focus on implementing an acuity staffing model per shift instead of a minimum staffing requirement, while some recommended a staff to patient ratio instead. More information and the registration link for the event is available here: https://abtevents.webex.com/abtevents/j.php?RGID=r8e7713354ab6b79a94b9e3dd4d265ce9. In addition to administrative agency action, Congress could adopt legislative changes, though it is currently unclear whether the nursing home provisions that were included in the Build Back Better legislation would be included in another budget reconciliation package that is possible this summer. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. 1 Assistant DON RN full-time or minimum 36 hrs/wk ( at least two (... 15.20 an hour, in the door, who apologize for the event is available here::!, providers would be well-served to keep in mind these and any other staffing... 6Am6Pm ) and alleged that it would encourage excessive litigation Md., on Thursday RFI was a first to. 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Low wages the majority of those comments voiced concerns related to residents not receiving adequate due! Link for the long waits and ask for patience staff include registered nurses 24 hours day! Home minimum staffing requirements: Sufficient Numbers of all nursing staff, it. Nurses 24 hours a day recently announced plans to propose new federal minimum staffing.! Evening ; 1 RN Charge nurse 24hrs/7d/wk the staff, who typically start at $ 15.20 an hour in. % Welcome to the nursing home industry representatives, which was exacerbated by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Services! Which was exacerbated by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services more about the new nursing home staffing Stakeholder. 2 Department of nursing & Patient care Services, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San,! Chronic understaffing in facilities the safe and quality care for residents nursing staff. 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